Don’t say ‘prove’: How to report on the conclusiveness of research findings

This tip sheet explains why it's rarely accurate for news stories to report that a new study proves anything — even when a press release says it does

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When news outlets report that new research studies prove something, they’re almost certainly wrong.

Studies conducted in fields outside of mathematics do not “prove” anything. They find evidence — sometimes, extraordinarily strong evidence.

It’s important journalists understand that science is an ongoing process of collecting and interrogating evidence, with each new discovery building on or raising questions about earlier discoveries. A single research study usually represents one small step toward fully understanding an issue or problem.

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